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TOMS tropospheric
ozone (in Dobson Units) averaged over January 1999, with
integrated tropospheric ozone from sondes launched from the
NOAA Research Vessel Ronald H. Brown between 21
January and 3 February 1999, shown in white. Gaps in
tropospheric ozone correspond to persistent clouds where
tropospheric ozone from TOMS is not accurately retrieved.
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| Air parcel
trajectories at 8 km, superimposed over lightning flashes
for 28 Jan.-3 Feb. 1999, as observed from the LIS instrument
on the TRMM satellite. Starting points from sonde launch
locations on the NOAA ship, Research Vessel Ronald H. Brown.
The parcels from the highest ozone region (between 0 and
18S) originated over areas rich in lightning, as depicted
over South Africa, where the ozone precursor nitric oxide is
injected directly into the atmosphere. |
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