Earth Science
Gallery
2002 EARTH SCIENCE VIDEOTAPES
Tape Title
Record ID
Date Produced
TRT:
Synopsis
CLIMATE CHANGE BRINGS EXTREME RAIN AND CROP
LOSSES G02-080 10/28/02
00:12:19 In the U.S. Corn Belt, when it does
rain, it often pours. Crops drown. Soggy fields delay harvests as
well as plantings and increase the risks of plant diseases and insect
infestation. Scientists tracking rainfall data have shown that
extreme rainfall events have been increasing in the U.S. over the
last century.
A new study using climate and crop models predicts the frequency of
extreme rain events may increase and double the amount of crop damage
due to excess soil moisture in US Corn Belt states over the next 30
years. Corn Belt states include Kansas, Nebraska, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, North and South Dakota, Ohio and Wisconsin. This is the first
climate impact study that takes a close look at how soil moisture
impacts crop production.
TAPE CONTENTS:
ITEM (1): Extreme Rain
Increases With Climate Change - Extreme rain is a growing
concern for farmers. Climate change appears to have increased the
frequency of heavy downpours over the last century. Recent climate
studies suggest that this trend will continue and even strengthen
over the coming decades, ultimately causing greater damage to US
crops. NASA satellites monitor plant as well as crop health from
space. The satellites help experts gain a better understanding of
climate effects on planetary health. This movie shows the seasonal
cycle of plant growth around the world as seen by the Sea-viewing
Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) on board the Orbview 2 satellite.
Plant growth is represented in varying shades of green, where dark
greens represents more growth.
Credit: NASA/ Orbimage
ITEM (2): Excess Soil
Moisture Damages Crops - Heavy rains cause damage to crops
because soils become saturated and root growth is hampered, according
to NASA researcher Cynthia Rosenzweig. Floods cause localized and
immediate damage whereas excess soil moisture causes more widespread
damage. The computer model simulated corn growth in nine US Corn Belt
states, representing 85 percent of total US corn production. Their
modified crop model limited a plant's ability to grow roots after
three consecutive days of intense rain.
Climate models predict that extreme rain events may increase over the
next century. Damages to U.S. corn production due to excess soil
moisture currently amount to about $600 million per year. The
potential future damages to major U.S. crops could lead to total
losses of up to $3 billion per year by the 2030s.
a. Projections of rainfall changes for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s
with high population and greenhouse gas emissions growth rates.
b. Projections of rainfall changes for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s with medium population and greenhouse gas emissions growth rates.
Credit: NASA
ITEM (3): 1993 Midwest
Floods - The 1993 Midwest floods is one example of an extreme
rain event. About 70 percent of total crop losses that occurred in
upland areas were due to saturated soils from sustained heavy rains
according to the USDA. Total crop losses were from $6 billion to $8
billion. Computer simulations suggest that this
once-in-a-hundred-year flood may become more frequent
a. Landsat Image of 1993 Flooding of the Missouri River - This
animation shows a side-by-side comparison of the Missouri before and
during the flooding as seen by the Landsat satellite.
b. Landsat Image of 1993 Flooding of Mississippi, Illinois and
Missouri Rivers
1. Junction of the Mississippi, Illinois, and Missouri Rivers in
August 1991 (two years before the floods) and in August 1993 (near
peak of the flooding)
2. Missouri River around Gasconade, MO, September, 1992 and
September, 1993
3. Jefferson City, MO, from September, 1992 and September, 1993
Credit: USGS/NASA
ITEM (4): B-Roll of The 1993
Flooding of The Mississippi River - The Army Corp of
Engineers recorded this aerial helicopter video of the 1993
Mississippi River Floods.
Credit: Army Corp of Engineers/NASA
ITEM (5): Studying The
Rain - A complete accounting of the world's total rainfall
has long been a major goal of climate researchers. Rain acts as the
atmosphere's fundamental engine for heat exchange; every time a
raindrop falls, the atmosphere gets churned up and latent heat flows
back into the total climate system. Considering that rainfall is the
primary driving force of heat in the atmosphere, and that two thirds
of all rain falls in the tropics, these measurements are significant
for our understanding of overall climate. This rendering of satellite
data shows a monthly global rain map from January 1979 to January
2001. The movie correlates 22 years of data collected by satellites
as well as ground-based sources.
Credit: NASA/NASDA
ITEM (6): Satellite Animation
- These satellites collect data that help research learn
about the state of the worlds interconnected systems.
a. SeaWIFS
Credit: NASA/ORBIMAGE
b. TRIMM
Credit: NASA/NASDA
c. LANDSAT
Credit: NASA
[Side-By-Side Missouri Flood Comparison Movie]
NOTE: The material advertised on this page is a "Video
File" and is strictly recommended for the media and production
companies. This is NOT a finished production but does contain some
narration.
[HOME]
[Return to the Earth Science Catalog]
[How to order videotapes]
Earth Science
Gallery
2002 EARTH SCIENCE VIDEOTAPES |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Tape Title | Record ID |
Date Produced | TRT: |
Synopsis |
| CLIMATE CHANGE BRINGS EXTREME RAIN AND CROP LOSSES | G02-080 | 10/28/02 | 00:12:19 | In the U.S. Corn Belt, when it does rain, it often pours. Crops drown. Soggy fields delay harvests as well as plantings and increase the risks of plant diseases and insect infestation. Scientists tracking rainfall data have shown that extreme rainfall events have been increasing in the U.S. over the last century. A new study using climate and crop models predicts the frequency of extreme rain events may increase and double the amount of crop damage due to excess soil moisture in US Corn Belt states over the next 30 years. Corn Belt states include Kansas, Nebraska, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, North and South Dakota, Ohio and Wisconsin. This is the first climate impact study that takes a close look at how soil moisture impacts crop production. |
TAPE CONTENTS: |
||||
| ITEM (1): Extreme Rain Increases With Climate Change - Extreme rain is a growing concern for farmers. Climate change appears to have increased the frequency of heavy downpours over the last century. Recent climate studies suggest that this trend will continue and even strengthen over the coming decades, ultimately causing greater damage to US crops. NASA satellites monitor plant as well as crop health from space. The satellites help experts gain a better understanding of climate effects on planetary health. This movie shows the seasonal cycle of plant growth around the world as seen by the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) on board the Orbview 2 satellite. Plant growth is represented in varying shades of green, where dark greens represents more growth. Credit: NASA/ Orbimage | ||||
| ITEM (2): Excess Soil
Moisture Damages Crops - Heavy rains cause damage to crops
because soils become saturated and root growth is hampered, according
to NASA researcher Cynthia Rosenzweig. Floods cause localized and
immediate damage whereas excess soil moisture causes more widespread
damage. The computer model simulated corn growth in nine US Corn Belt
states, representing 85 percent of total US corn production. Their
modified crop model limited a plant's ability to grow roots after
three consecutive days of intense rain.
Climate models predict that extreme rain events may increase over the
next century. Damages to U.S. corn production due to excess soil
moisture currently amount to about $600 million per year. The
potential future damages to major U.S. crops could lead to total
losses of up to $3 billion per year by the 2030s.
a. Projections of rainfall changes for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s
with high population and greenhouse gas emissions growth rates.
b. Projections of rainfall changes for the 2020s, 2050s and 2080s with medium population and greenhouse gas emissions growth rates. | ||||
ITEM (3): 1993 Midwest
Floods - The 1993 Midwest floods is one example of an extreme
rain event. About 70 percent of total crop losses that occurred in
upland areas were due to saturated soils from sustained heavy rains
according to the USDA. Total crop losses were from $6 billion to $8
billion. Computer simulations suggest that this
once-in-a-hundred-year flood may become more frequent
a. Landsat Image of 1993 Flooding of the Missouri River - This
animation shows a side-by-side comparison of the Missouri before and
during the flooding as seen by the Landsat satellite.
b. Landsat Image of 1993 Flooding of Mississippi, Illinois and
Missouri Rivers
| ||||
| ITEM (4): B-Roll of The 1993 Flooding of The Mississippi River - The Army Corp of Engineers recorded this aerial helicopter video of the 1993 Mississippi River Floods. Credit: Army Corp of Engineers/NASA | ||||
| ITEM (5): Studying The Rain - A complete accounting of the world's total rainfall has long been a major goal of climate researchers. Rain acts as the atmosphere's fundamental engine for heat exchange; every time a raindrop falls, the atmosphere gets churned up and latent heat flows back into the total climate system. Considering that rainfall is the primary driving force of heat in the atmosphere, and that two thirds of all rain falls in the tropics, these measurements are significant for our understanding of overall climate. This rendering of satellite data shows a monthly global rain map from January 1979 to January 2001. The movie correlates 22 years of data collected by satellites as well as ground-based sources. Credit: NASA/NASDA | ||||
| ITEM (6): Satellite Animation - These satellites collect data that help research learn about the state of the worlds interconnected systems. a. SeaWIFS Credit: NASA/ORBIMAGE b. TRIMM Credit: NASA/NASDA c. LANDSAT Credit: NASA | ||||
[Side-By-Side Missouri Flood Comparison Movie]
NOTE: The material advertised on this page is a "Video File" and is strictly recommended for the media and production companies. This is NOT a finished production but does contain some narration.
[HOME] [Return to the Earth Science Catalog] [How to order videotapes]