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There
appears to be a partial eclipse of Venus when you use the backyard telescope.
Is this a normal event, or is it connected to the transit-of-Venus expected
in June?
No,
no no! There cannot be an eclipse of Venus, because no dark object is
close enough to it to block its light, or shade it from the Sun.
What
you are seeing are the phases of Venus, similar to those of the Moon.
Like the Moon, Venus shines in reflected sunlight, but unlike the Moon,
we never see all of its sunlit face (it would have to be exactly on the
opposite side of the Sun). Usually we see part of the sunlit part--often
just a thin crescent--and part of the dark one. What you saw through your
telescope was also seen by Galileo (1609 or so) with the first-ever astronomical
telescopes, and once he understood it, he realized Venus must be a planet
orbiting the Sun, strong evidence that Copernicus was right.
The
transit of Venus occurs when the planet comes between us and the Sun,
when it appears to be a dark spot crawling across the Sun's disk.
At that time, in a little over two months, Venus will present to us only
its dark side. As it is now approaching that position, the side we now
see is mostly dark and it appears as a crescent.
This
week's question is provided by Dr. David Stern. Dr. Stern is a physicist
retired from GSFC, who has created several large web-collection on astronomy,
physics, space and magnetism. This question is one of many received from
users of his site.
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